History

MLK and International Freedom Movements

This year the nation is commemorating the 50th anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s assassination.  Much of the focus has been on his activism within the many civil rights struggles throughout the United States.  It is commonly believed that King’s interest in global civil rights issues began with his 1967 Riverside Church speech railing against the Vietnam War. King made the connection between domestic terrorism against blacks in the South and international terrorism against the Vietnamese, both at the hands of the white establishment.

However, King’s international activism began ten years before when he traveled to Ghana in 1957 to participate in the new country’s independence ceremonies and to have a private meeting with the newly-minted prime minister, Kwame Nkrumah.  This was his attempt to connect the American civil rights movement, specifically the Montgomery Bus Boycott, with the struggle of oppressed people globally.  He attended the ceremonies with other American civil rights leaders and civil servants like Ralph Bunche, A. Philip Randolph, Adam Clayton Powell, and then Vice President Richard Nixon.  Before returning to the United States, King also visited Nigeria and London, where he had another private meeting with C.L.R. James, a Trinidadian public intellectual who was inspired with the success of the Montgomery Boycott.

King would travel to Nigeria again in 1960 to meet with its first president, Nnamdi Azikiwe, and attend his inauguration. He also went on a five-week tour of India in 1959.  Of course, King was inspired by Mahatma Gandhi’s nonviolence philosophy and was able to meet with other Indian peace activists there, as well as with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.  King then met with the Algerian president, Ben Bella, who was instrumental in his country’s liberation movement against France, to discuss a wide range of issues such as racial injustice and the Cuban Missle Crisis.

“As I sat talking with Mr. Ben Bella, he displayed, again and again, an intimate knowledge of the Negro struggle here in America,” King said.”  The battle of the Algerians against colonialism and the battle of the Negro against segregation is a common struggle.”

Jamaica was a common destination for King, where he wrote many of his books and speeches and paid homage to Marcus Garvey while in Kingston giving a speech in 1965.

Being ahead of the curve and on the right side of history, King took a strong stand against South Africa’s white regime when he co-authored the “Appeal for Action Against Apartheid” in 1962 with African National Congress President Chief Albert Lutuli.

But, of course, King was always on the right side of history in many other ways too!

Why The Advertising Industry Still Lacks Diversity

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Continuing with the same theme from my article a couple of weeks ago about diversity in the media, this week I wanted to touch on the advertising industry.  Like television shows, TV commercials during the breaks, as well as ads in print and online media are starting to reflect the changing, diverse American landscape.  Just yesterday, I walked by my local Old Navy store, which featured a black woman and white man in an embrace and a biracial child standing in front of them, implying this was an interracial family enjoying the brand’s new winter clothing line.  Then I went to a bus stop and saw an ad from the Chicago Tourism Bureau featuring what could be implied as two gay men also embracing at a festive occasion.  Yes, this is the new normal.

However, in the last few months, there has been a slew of problematic ads getting media attention.  Even when ad agencies have good intentions in their attempt to be more inclusive, they can fail miserably.

Take this above Dove ad.

If you haven’t heard about it already, it featured a black woman morphing into a white woman who morphs into an Asian woman.  The main problem here is that it implies that somehow the soap cleans so well that it changes black skin to white skin.  While Dove claims it didn’t intend to be racist in the ad, the company has a history of using the same racial tropes in their ads.  Just six years ago, Dove was accused of doing the same black to white/dirty to clean ad.

Not to mention that there are still product advertising using racial overtones in use today – Aunt Jemima Pancakes, Uncle Ben Rice and Chef Frank White (Rastus) on the Cream of Wheat box just to name a few.

Racist soap ads have a long, unfortunate history in America.  From 1875 to 1921, soap manufacturer N.K. Fairbank used this ad featuring a white child asking a black child, “Why don’t you ask your mamma to wash you with fairy soap.  There were other ads with black children getting washed in the tub and come out with white skin.

Unfortunately, I am not surprised that these subtle racial overtones are still used in advertising.  While it is true that the advertising industry is using more diverse imagery in their ad placement, there is still a severe lack of diverse people working in ad agencies.

According to the 2014 Bureau of Labor Statistics, of the 582,000 Americans employed in advertising, less than half are women, seven percent are black, six percent are Asian, and 10 percent are Hispanic.   Comparatively by 2044 when it becomes a minority-majority country, the United States will be 49.7 percent white (63 percent today), 25 percent Hispanic (17 percent today), 12.7 percent black, 7.9 percent Asian and 3.7 percent multiracial.  Essentially, the ad world is lagging behind the real world!  Most of the major ad agencies in America are still run by older, privileged white men who attended elite schools and only interacted with people who look like them, often reflecting the TV show Mad Men, but taking place in 2017, not the 1950s.

Also, if there were not only more people of color in decision-making positions but even more people in general with different perspectives with an understanding of how cultural sensitivity and awareness combine with trends and branding, this problem would significantly improve.  And when I mean being in a decision-making position, I don’t mean the “Chief of Diversity” or some other BS token minority position with no real power and never disagree with their white peers within today’s corporate environment.  I mean black, Asian, Hispanic and women executives with knowledge and awareness of history and culture who can say, “We can’t run this ad because it’s racist/sexist/homophobic, etc.” and is willing to speak up when needed.

I have done work with some larger ad agencies as a subcontracting web graphics developer, and I have encountered these racial dynamics in their workplaces, where their token black employee just goes along to get along and agrees with all the dumb ideas from their white co-workers.

So basically until workforce diversity improves, there will be more similar Dove commercials in the future.

A People Speak in 2017

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I just started re-reading Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States for a book discussion series happening at my local library soon.  This is one of those types of books everyone has in their personal library but never gets around to reading because it is so long – nearly 800 pages!  This book discussion series is meant to get people to not only read but really think about how the book relates to issues going on in America today.  According to Zinn, American history is to a large extent the exploitation of the majority by an elite minority.

Zinn has left a great literary masterpiece behind for the rest of us to enjoy!

Don’t Be A Sucker in 2017

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This video could have been made today because it is still so relevant.

This short film was made in 1947 by the U.S. War Department.  It was an effort to educate Americans that they would lose their country if they let fanaticism and hatred turn them into “suckers.”

“Let’s forget about ‘we’ and ‘they’ — let’s think about us!”

How is this any different from how Trump is running the country right now?

If you are a sucker in 2017, you’ll become Paris Dennard.

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